Articles in Press: Vol 9 No 1 (June 2026)

Title:  Enhancing Fully Homomorphic Encryption: Bridging The Gaps in Security, Efficiency, and Practical Implementation
Author(s): Zohra Zahid Hussain Qureshi, Bhumika Doshi, Aditya More, Kashyap Joshi, Kapil Kumar.
Abstract: Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) enables computation over encrypted data without decryption, ensuring confidentiality in privacy-sensitive applications. However, its practical adoption remains limited due to high computational overhead, scalability challenges, and emerging post-quantum security concerns. This paper proposes an efficient hybrid FHE framework that integrates fast bootstrapping, optimized key-switching, and post-quantum security mechanisms. The proposed approach aims to reduce bootstrapping overhead, improve scalability through optimized key-switching and batch encryption, enhance resistance against quantum attacks using lattice-based cryptography, and evaluate feasibility in cloud computing, federated learning, and encrypted AI inference. Building upon state-of-the-art FHE schemes, namely BFV, CKKS, and TFHE, this work introduces an enhanced CKKS implementation based on Microsoft SEAL with optimized bootstrapping parameters, improved key-switching, and SIMD-based parallelism. Experimental results demonstrate a 36% reduction in bootstrapping time, 36% faster key-switching evaluation, 40% lower memory consumption, and a 31% reduction in ciphertext size compared to the baseline SEAL CKKS configuration. Additionally, the proposed framework achieves a 15× improvement in resistance to lattice-reduction attacks and a 6× reduction in side-channel vulnerability. These results indicate that the proposed framework significantly improves the efficiency, scalability, and security of FHE, making it more suitable for real-world privacy-preserving applications. Future work will explore hardware acceleration and adaptive encryption techniques to further enhance performance.
Status: In Press, corrected proof, available online as of January 21, 2026
DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.ijeste-0901.894